Spanish prosecutors are seeking charges of rebellion, sedition and misuse of funds against ousted Catalan cabinet members.
The region's political leaders could be arrested if they refuse to travel to Madrid to face the accusations.
The disputed president, Carles Puigdemont, was sacked on Friday and the Catalonian parliament dissolved after it voted to declare independence.
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The last time charges of rebellion were brought against an individual in Spain was 35 years ago, with a lengthy prison sentence possible for Mr Puigdemont if convicted.
