Jaycee Chan was detained during a raid last Thursday in the Dongcheng district in Beijing.
The 32-year-old actor was arrested along with another 23-year-old Taiwanese actor when both men tested positive for marijuana.
Police later found more than 100 grams of marijuana in Mr Chan's apartment. He could face three years in jail if found guilty under Chinese law.
China's state broadcaster, CCTV, showed blurred video footage of Mr Chan showing police where the drugs were hidden at his home.
This move by police is part of a concerted effort to clamp down on celebrity offenders. There have been a number of high-profile drug-related arrests over the last few months in China.
This news has probably come as an embarrassing shock to action star Jackie Chan who has been an active campaigner against drug use over the years and was even named an anti-drugs ambassador in 2009.